Tiché setkání s kolegou z roku 1943

Mgr. Olga Klepáčková

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):124

Surgical treatment of anterior urethral strictures in males

MUDr. Jaroslav Ženíšek, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):128-138 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2026.026

Surgical treatment of urethral stricture is a dominant category in reconstructive urology requiring a comprehensive understanding of the range of available surgical techniques. No single technique is sufficient to address all cases. The results of the reconstruction must meet demanding functional criteria, as well as aesthetic requirements, especially when solving penile urethral strictures. It is important to master complex decision-making using known algorithms and select appropriate interventions, and choose the correct approach while taking potential complications in the future into account.

Incidence of second primary malignancies after primary oncological treatment of bladder cancer

MUDr. Anna Žaloudeková, MUDr. Lucia Ježíková, prof. MUDr. Tomáš Büchler, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):139-143 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2026.013

Second primary malignancies represent a significant late complication of cancer treatment, with a cumulative incidence of approximately 15% over 20 years of follow-up and a several-fold higher risk compared to the general population. Patients after oncological treatment for bladder cancer, which is a common malignancy with a growing number of long-term survivors, constitute a particularly high-risk group in this regard, in whom late treatment-related complications are of major clinical importance. The most frequently observed secondary malignancies are smoking-related tumors, particularly lung and laryngeal cancer, followed by prostate, colorectal,...

Current treatment options for urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy: from rehabilitation to implantable systems

MUDr. Martin Pollák, MUDr. Pavel Navrátil, Ph.D., FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):144-148 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2026.030

Urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy remains one of the most important functional complications of prostate cancer treatment. Although surgical technique and perioperative care continue to improve, a subset of patients experience persistent urine leakage long after surgery. Effective management requires differen­tiation between predominantly stress incontinence and urgency-predominant or mixed symptoms, together with assessment of leakage severity, spontaneous recovery over time, prior radiotherapy, possible urethral or vesicourethral patho­logy, and patient expectations. Contemporary treatment is stepwise: in the early postoperative period,...

What a urologist should know about endometriosis

doc. MUDr. Michael Fanta, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):154-158 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2026.014

Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disease characterized by the presence and growth of tissue similar to the uterine lining (endometrium) outside the uterine cavity. Ectopic endometrial tissue induces a chronic inflammatory response at and around the site of its origin. The prevalence ranges from 10% to 15% in women of childbearing age, and typical clinical manifestations are chronic pelvic pain (in up to 90%) and sterility (in 50% of the cases). The disease is usually classified into three main types based on the location and depth of infiltration: superficial, ovarian, and deep endometriosis (DE) which also includes urinary tract endometriosis...

Application of molecular diagnostic methods in the detection of urological and sexually transmitted infections

RNDr. Kateřina Černá, Ph.D., RNDr. Jana Martínková Němcová, Ph.D., RNDr. Radek Šíma, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):159-164 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2025.079

Urinary tract infections represent a significant health concern requiring rapid and accurate diagnostics. Traditional methods, particularly culture, remain the gold standard but have limitations in slower turnaround times and reduced sensitivity. Molecular biology techniques offer higher specificity, sensitivity, and the ability to detect non-cultivable or fastidious pathogens. They are increasingly applied not only in diagnosing common and complicated infections but also in monitoring high-risk patients, such as kidney transplant recipients. This article summarizes the principles, indications, and clinical applications of these methods, highlighting...

Drug interactions in the treatment of kidney cancer

Mgr. Lucie Kovářová, PharmDr. Milada Halačová, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):169-175 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2025.063

Renal cancer accounts for approximately 2.2% of all solid tumours in the adult popu­lation. Its detection tends to be largely incidental and, owing to modern imaging technologies, it is identified in early stages. The treatment of localized tumours is predominantly surgical. The treatment of metastatic cancer had long been very problematic; hence, the introduction of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has been a major advance, significantly improving the prognosis of patients. However, modern pharmacotherapy has also brought new challenges, particularly in terms of drug interactions and management of non-standard adverse effects associated with anticancer...

Erectile dysfunction - a practical overview of pharmacotherapy

MUDr. Filip Vlček, MUDr. Tomáš Hradec, FEBU, MUDr. Peter Polaček, MUDr. Libor Zámečník, Ph.D., FEBU, FECSM, MBA

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):149 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2025.098

Erectile dysfunction is a common multifactorial condition that significantly impairs quality of life and may represent an early marker of cardiovascular disease. This article provides a practical overview of current pharmacological treatment options for erectile dysfunction in accordance with the latest European Association of Urology guidelines. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors remain the cornerstone of therapy, and their efficacy, safety profile, and pharmacokinetic properties are discussed. In patients with insufficient response or intolerance to oral therapy, alternative pharmacological approaches including topical, intraurethral, and intracavernosal...

A rare presentation of a complete duplicated left renal collecting system complicated by ureterohydronephrosis and ureterocele

MUDr. Paulína Kubalcová, PhD., MUDr. Elena Loumová, MUDr. Anna Katanová, prof. MUDr. Ingrid Hodorová, PhD., MUDr. Michaela Uhrinová Vukušičová

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):176-179 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2025.083

A 70-year-old oncological patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lip underwent an initial abdominal ultrasound examination as part of oncological follow-up. At that time, a finding in the region of the left kidney was incorrectly interpreted as a simple solitary renal cyst. Two years later, a follow-up ultrasound revealed massive dilatation of the calyceal-pelvic system of the upper and middle pole of the left kidney with significant thinning of the adjacent parenchyma, corresponding to advanced hydronephrosis. In addition, there was dilatation of the left ureter throughout its course down to the ureterovesical junction, with protrusion into the...

Testicular plasmacytoma

MUDr. Michal Buchta, MUDr. Vladimír Hořava, MUDr. Jana Mihályová

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):180-183 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2025.082

The authors report a rare case of relapsed multiple myeloma presenting as a solitary testicular plasmacytoma without evidence of systemic relapse. This case highlights the multidisciplinary approach involving both urologists and hemato-oncologists, from the initial detection of an atypical testicular ultrasound finding to the establishment of a consensus on further management and follow-up. In addition, the article provides an overview of multiple myeloma and testicular plasmacytoma as an uncommon manifestation, most frequently observed in elderly patients.

Obese patients in the urologist's office: recommendations for everyday practice

MUDr. Martin Vigláš

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):165-168 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2025.066

According to the latest data from the Czech National Institute of Public Health (SZÚ) from 2023, the prevalence of obesity in the Czech Republic is relatively high - approximately 21% of men and 18% of women are obese, while 49% of men and 36% of women are overweight. Urologists therefore encounter overweight patients on a neardaily basis in their practice. Obesity, as a complex metabolic disorder, significantly affects the course of numerous urological diagnoses - from an increased risk of nephrolithiasis and urological malignancies to erectile dysfunction, infertility, and perioperative complications. This article summarizes the impact of obesity...

Prescription of medical devices by a stoma nurse

Mgr. Pavla Örhalmi

Urol. praxi. 2026;27(3):184-186 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2026.008

The prescription of medical devices by non-physician healthcare professionals represents one of the significant changes in the scope of nursing competencies in recent years. Over a four-year period, two major milestones can be identified that have substantially influenced the prescription of medical devices by nurses. The first was the introduction of a new competency in 2022, and the second was the implementation of the mandatory electronic prescription voucher (e-voucher) from 2026. In the interim, adjustments were also made to prescription limits for non-physician healthcare professionals. The present paper focuses on the prescription of medical...