Proč mizí z medicíny laskavost?

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):103

Metabolic risk factors or renal cell carcinoma

doc. MUDr. Michal Fedorko, Ph.D., FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):110-113 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.055

Renal cell carcinoma is common in developed countries in Europe and North America. These regions are characterized by high income and the so-called "western" lifestyle which is associated with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components. These have an impact not only on cardiovascular disease and diabetes, but also on the development of malignant tumours. Obesity and hypertension are typical risk factors for renal cell carcinoma. This review describes the relationship between known metabolic risk factors and renal cancer carcinogenesis, while also discussing possible preventive strategies to improve metabolic dysfunction and thus reduce...

Current treatment options for lower urinary tract infections

MUDr. Aleš Čermák, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):114-120 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.054

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and upper respiratory tract infections are two of the most common infectious diseases in the population. UTIs are among the most common issues addressed by the general practitioner, urologist and gynaecologist in collaboration with a microbiologist. Cystitis is the most frequent type. Treatment of the infection itself is usually not challenging and warrants the use of antimicrobial drugs. Of major importance is the knowledge of suspected causative agents and commencement of appropriate treatment. When deciding on the method of treatment, a rational evaluation of all the results is required. The basic consideration should...

Urinary incontinence in the elderly

MUDr. Miroslava Ryšánková

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):121-129 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.053

Urinary incontinence is any involuntary leakage of urine. It affects all age groups, predominantly the elderly. Autor has set out to map urinary incontinence in the senior population and outline the possibilities of its diagnostics and treatment.

Hybrid imaging methods in diagnostics of prostatic carcinoma

prof. MUDr. Jiří Ferda, Ph.D., MUDr. Eva Ferdová

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):130-135 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.056

Imaging of the prostate tumour´s own tissue is using standard tumour imaging approaches remains difficult, the imaging using contrast enhanced computed tomography and also the hybrid imaging using PET/CT with the application of the ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose is insufficient. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful in detection of prostate cancer in patients with elevated prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and/or with increased prostate health index (PHI). Currently, it is possible to use combination of radiological and nuclear medicine methods - hybrid positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) or with magnetic resonance...

Oncourological aspects of medical care of transgender population

doc. MUDr. Radka Lohynská, Ph.D., MUDr. Zdeňka Pechačová, MUDr. Michaela Matoušková, MUDr. Marcela Fontana, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):136-138 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.057

In oncourological care, it is crucial to address not only aspects affecting diagnosis and treatment but also to focus on oncological screening in the transgender population. The occurrence of cancerous diseases presents a different spectrum and frequency of tumors. Oncological treatment depends not only on the type and advancement of the tumor but also on respecting the patient's wishes.

Dyspareunia

MUDr. Marek Broul, Ph.D., MBA, FECSM, MUDr. Petra Kučerová, MUDr. Kamila Žižková, Mgr. Aneta Hujová

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):156-159 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.061

Dyspareunia is defined as painful sexual intercourse. It can have a significant impact on partner relationships and the overall quality of life of affected women. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding the definition, prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of dyspareunia. It summarizes key information on current knowledge about dyspareunia and provides an essential foundation for clinical practice in sexual health.

Drug interactions in urology in patients with hypertension

PharmDr. Helena Šťastná Koblihová, Mgr. Jana Gallusová, PharmDr. Dalibor Černý, Ph.D., PharmDr. Milada Halačová, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):151-155 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.060

Drugs commonly used in urological daily practice have a high potential for pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic drug interactions. In patients treated for hypertension, the choice of molecule must be carefully considered within the individual indications in order to minimize adverse effects (hypertension or postural hypotension). Similarly, in patients treated for lower urinary tract symptoms, choose antihypertensives that will not primarily lead to worsening of their symptoms. The article summarizes clinically significant drug interactions between antihypertensives and drugs used to treat overactive bladder, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and antiandrogen...

Acute pain management

MUDr. Soňa Křivonosková, MUDr. Aneta Rozsypalová

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):146-150 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.059

Pain is a common symptom not only in urology, and its adequate management is essential for patient's comfort and quality of life. A wide range of analgesics with different mechanisms of action and indications is available in the Czech Republic. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patients still experience insufficiently controlled pain. Many young physicians feel inadequately informed and trained in pain management. Early and appropriate analgesia is crucial not only for patients but also for optimizing healthcare costs. This article focuses on pharmacotherapy of acute pain mainly in out-patient practice. We will describe in detail the individual...

Radical removal of a rare retroperitoneal sarcoma in a young man

MUDr. Petra Koňaříková, MUDr. Miroslav Louda, Ph.D., MBA, MUDr. Jiří Špaček, MUDr. Lukáš Krbal, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Miloš Broďák, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):160-161 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.062

We present a case report of radical removal of a retroperitoneal sarcoma in a young man. It was a rare histological type of tumor, sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma. It occurs at younger age and is associated with higher aggressiveness than similar tumors. Not only the complete removal of the tumor, but also a radical resection of the entire ileocecal segment was performed. This proved to be very prescient and complete resection was achieved without a positive surgical margin.

Urinary tract endometriosis

MUDr. Michal Buchta, MUDr. Oldřich Matys, MUDr. Martin Němec

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):162-166 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.063

The authors present two case reports of patients with endometriosis of the bladder and ureter who underwent examination and operative treatment at the given department. The case reports describe possible diagnostic uncertainity and the necessity of complex interdisciplinary approach, especially in advanced disease. In this article, the authors further describe the issue of endometriosis of the urinary tract as a diagnostic unit that a urologist may encounter in his practice.

Metastasis of renal cell carcinoma into prostate

MUDr. Silvia Klebanová, MUDr. Martin Sutorý, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):168-169 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.064

We present a case report of patient with localised clear renal cell carcinoma who underwent left side radical nephrectomy. Nine years later, a metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the prostate was detected, and subsequently metastatic process to the lungs was verified.

Acute situations in urology from the point of view of clinical microbiologist

MUDr. Václava Adámková, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Závora

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):139-145 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.058

The presented text summarizes the issue of upper urinary tract infections, especially from the perspective of a clinical microbiologist. The basic principles of diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections with regard to the current epidemiological situation are presented. Recommendations for antibiotic treatment reflect current European and Czech guidelines.

Vzpomínka na doc. MUDr. Richarda Reifa, CSc.

doc. MUDr. Jan Báňa, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):170