Urolog. pro Praxi, 2003; 3: 102-106

Benigní hyperplazie prostaty a hypertenze

MUDr. Zbyněk Veselský1, MUDr. Petr Macek1, prof. MUDr. Peter Višňovský CSc2, MUDr. Božena Jurašková Ph.D3, MUDr. Miroslav Förstl4
1 Urologická klinika FN a LF UK Hradec Králové
2 Farmaceutická fakulta UK Hradec Králové, Katedra farmakologie a toxikologie
3 Klinika gerontologická a metabolická, FN Hradec Králové
4 Ústav klinické mikrobiologie FN a LF UK Hradec Králové

Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia, hypertension.

Published: December 31, 2003  Show citation

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Veselský Z, Macek P, Višňovský P, Jurašková B, Förstl M. Benigní hyperplazie prostaty a hypertenze. Urol. praxi. 2003;4(3):102-106.

Benigní hyperplazie prostaty (BHP) se často vyskytuje společně s hypertenzí (HTN). Odhadem 40 % mužů se symptomy dolních močových cest na podkladě BHP trpí souběžně některou formou HTN. Dosud není zcela jasné, zda se jedná o náhodnou komorbiditu danou incidencí BHP a HTN u mužů starších 60 let nebo zda existují společné etiopatogenetické pochody, a zda zásah do jednoho z uvedených onemocnění vede k pozitivnímu ovlivnění druhé choroby.

U obou chorob je přítomná vysoká aktivita na alfa-1 adrenergních receptorech (alfa-1 AR), které vedou k vysoké periferní vazokonstrikci (u hypertoniků) a vysoké stimulaci alfa-1 AR v oblasti hrdla močového měchýře, prostaty a uretry (u BHP). U BHP i esenciální HTN není etiologie známá a u obou chorob neumíme zasáhnout kauzálně. Mnoho nemocných mužů žije s dekompenzovanou BHP a neléčenou HTN (odhad hovoří asi o 20 %), vysoké procento mužů podstupuje terapii BHP a HTN, která není v souladu s nejnovějšími poznatky vědy (např. nejméně 35 % hypertoniků z 58 milionů nemocných v USA je nedostatečně sledováno a léčeno).

Farmakologové se rozcházejí v názoru, zda je vhodné léčit obě choroby jedním léčivem, platí-li, že toto léčivo minimálně u jednoho z těchto onemocnění není lékem první ani druhé volby.

Proto zůstává role blokátorů alfa-1 AR vhodných k terapii BHP i HTN stále otevřenou farmakologickou, urologickou a kardiologickou otázkou.

Benign hyperplasia of prostate gland and hypertension

Benign hyperplasia of prostate gland (BHP) occurs frequently in conjunction with hypertension (HTN). By estimation, 40% of men with symptoms from lower urinary tract caused by BHP suffer in parallel from some form of HTN. It is not clear now, whether this finding means a comorbidity by a mere chance by incidence of BHP and HTN in men of 60 years and older, or if there are some common etiopathogenetic processes and whether an impact into a one of mentioned disorders can influence the course of other one.

In both of diseases, there is a high activity of alfa-1 adrenergic receptors (alfa-1 AR) described, which leads to elevated peripheral vasoconstriction (in patients with hypertension) and to excessive stimulation of alfa-1 AR in region of cervix of urinary bladder, prostate and urethra (in BHP). The etiology of both BHP and essential hypertension is unknown, and therefore we are not able to treat causally and cure them.

Many men live with the decompensation of BHP and untreated HTN (by estimation 20%), a high percentage of men undergo therapy of BHP and HTN, which is not in concordance with the current scientific knowledge (for example at least 35% of hypertensive men from 58 million patients in the USA are not being followed up and treated sufficiently).

Pharmacologists disagree whether to treat both diseases by one sort of a drug provided, that this drug is not the first or second choice of treatment at least in one of the diseases. Therefore the role of alfa-1AR blockers suitable for therapy of BHP and HTN remain opened question for pharmacologists, urologists and cardiologists.

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